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Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.The expansion of individual pension system is an important step in the development of multi-level pension insurance system in China, aiming at meeting the challenges brought by the aging population. According to the latest policy, the personal pension system will be extended to the whole country on December 15th, 2024, and the first batch of 85 equity index funds will be included in the catalogue of personal pension investment products. The implementation background of this policy is mainly based on the following points:2.1 Increased market liquidity

The pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.2. The influence of index funds into individual pensionsAfter being included in the index fund, the funds in the individual pension account will enter the market as incremental funds, which will significantly improve the market liquidity. According to official data, as of December 12th, the number of Public Offering of Fund products that can be invested in personal pension has increased to 284, and it is estimated that the scale of new funds will reach several hundred billion yuan. This scale of capital inflow will provide stable liquidity support for the market and reduce the sensitivity of the market to short-term capital fluctuations.

Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.The expansion of individual pension system is an important step in the development of multi-level pension insurance system in China, aiming at meeting the challenges brought by the aging population. According to the latest policy, the personal pension system will be extended to the whole country on December 15th, 2024, and the first batch of 85 equity index funds will be included in the catalogue of personal pension investment products. The implementation background of this policy is mainly based on the following points:By investing in index funds, personal pension is expected to share the dividend of national economic development and realize the preservation and appreciation of personal pension reserves. According to the principle of economics, long-term capital entering the market will help promote economic growth. At the same time, the appreciation of pension assets is also expected to enhance the wealth effect of residents and further promote the steady improvement and long-term improvement of the economy. This effect plays an important role in coping with the aging population and promoting social harmony.